Kotoba Drill Blog

Insights on vocabulary learning, product releases, and localized study tips.

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Japanese Onomatopoeia ⑥: Feeling and Inner-State Words with 「イライラ・ソワソワ・ニコニコ」

Japanese has many 「オノマトペ(おのまとぺ) [o̞no̞mato̞pe̞]」, onomatopoeic and mimetic words that describe feelings such as happiness, anger, and restlessness. This article introduces eight common feeling-related onomatopoeic words used in daily conversation and on social media, such as 「イライラ」, 「ソワソワ」, 「ニコニコ」, 「ウキウキ」, and 「ハラハラ」, with meanings, situations, example sentences, and 「かな(ひらがなよみ)+ IPA」.

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Japanese Onomatopoeia ⑤: Eating and Food Texture Words with 「パクパク・モグモグ・ペコペコ」

Japanese has many 「オノマトペ(おのまとぺ) [o̞no̞mato̞pe̞]」, onomatopoeic and mimetic words that describe eating, drinking, and food texture. This article introduces eight common eating and texture words used in daily meals and conversation, such as 「パクパク」, 「モグモグ」, 「ゴクゴク」, 「ペコペコ」, and 「サクサク」, with meanings, situations, example sentences, and 「かな(ひらがなよみ)+ IPA」.

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Japanese Onomatopoeia ④: Movement and Walking Words with 「テクテク・ピョンピョン・ノロノロ」

Japanese has many 「擬態語(ぎたいご) [ɡʲitaiɡo̞]」, mimetic words that describe how people walk and move. This article introduces eight common movement words such as 「テクテク」, 「スタスタ」, 「トボトボ」, and 「ノロノロ」, with meanings, situations, example sentences, and 「かな(ひらがなよみ)+ IPA」.

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Japanese Onomatopoeia ③: Texture and Touch Words with 「フワフワ・ツルツル・ザラザラ」

Japanese has many 「擬態語(ぎたいご) [ɡʲitaiɡo̞]」, mimetic words that describe how something feels when you touch it. This article introduces eight common texture and touch words for softness, smoothness, roughness, stickiness, and similar everyday feelings, with meanings, situations, example sentences, and 「かな(ひらがなよみ)+ IPA」.

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Vague Expressions ⑨: How to Use 「〜かねません」

「〜かねません」 is a softer way to warn or express concern that something undesirable may happen. It has a completely different meaning from the similar-looking 「〜かねます(できません)」, so it is important not to mix them up. This article explains how to choose between 「〜かもしれません」 and 「〜おそれがあります」, with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ⑧: How to Use 「〜はずです」

「〜はずです」 expresses confidence or expectation that something should be true, based on logical evidence or prior knowledge. The difference from similar expressions such as 「〜でしょう」 and 「〜にちがいありません」 is how confident the speaker feels about the evidence. This article explains sentence forms, related forms such as 「はずがない」 and 「はずだった」, and kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ⑦: How to Use 「〜そうです」 (Appearance and Hearsay)

「〜そうです」 has two meanings. One is 「様態(ようたい)」, used for an impression based on how something looks. The other is 「伝聞(でんぶん)」, used to pass on something you heard from someone else. Because the meaning changes with only a small difference in the sentence form, this is a pattern many learners find confusing. This article explains how to tell the two uses of 「そうです」 apart and choose the right one, with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ⑥: How to Use 「〜でしょう」

「〜でしょう」 is a useful expression for making a soft guess based on some evidence. If you understand how it differs from 「〜らしいです」 (hearsay) and 「〜かもしれません」 (possibility), you can express guesses more accurately. This article explains ways to use 「でしょう」 for guessing, checking, and seeking agreement, with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ⑤: How to Use 「〜らしいです」

「〜らしいです」 is a useful form for gently sharing something you heard from someone or learned somewhere else without checking it yourself. If you understand the difference from 「〜のようです」 (direct observation) and 「〜そうです」 (reported information), it becomes easier to choose wording that fits the situation. This article explains when to use it, how it compares with similar forms, and practical examples with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ④: How to Use 「〜のようです」

「〜のようです」 is a useful form for giving soft inferences based on what you see or hear. If you understand the difference from 「〜かもしれません」 and 「〜と考えられます」, you can choose wording that fits each scene. This article explains usage scenes, rephrasing options, and practical switching examples with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ③: How to Use 「〜ではないでしょうか」

「〜ではないでしょうか」 is a way to make suggestions and checks sound softer while inviting agreement. But if you use it too much, it can sound roundabout. In this article, we learn the difference from 「〜と思います」, usage scenes, rephrasing options, and practical examples with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ②: How to Use 「〜と思われます」

「〜と思われます」 is a way to state an opinion without sounding too strong, with a bit of distance. But if you use it too much, people may feel it is unclear whose opinion it is. In this article, we learn the difference from 「〜と思います」, when to use it, ways to rephrase it, and usage examples with kana(かな(ひらがなよみ))+ IPA.

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Vague Expressions ① How to use 「〜かもしれません」

「〜かもしれません」 is a basic way to say something without a hard statement. It is used when facts are not fixed or when you want to be considerate. We learn rephrase directions and usage examples with kana readings (かな(ひらがなよみ)) and IPA.

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Rephrase Your Words ⑦ How to rephrase 「〜と思います」

「〜と思います」 is very useful, but it can be unclear whether you mean an opinion, a guess, or a gentle softening phrase. This article explains the three functions and shows how to choose a clearer wording for each goal. In “Rephrase directions” and “Usage examples,” we also include kana readings (かな(ひらがなよみ)) and IPA for practice.

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Rephrase Your Words ⑥ Find precise ways to say “すごい”

“すごい” is handy but too broad, so its meaning can get lost. This article groups its functions into praise, awe, degree, surprise, and negative intensity, using CEFR A2 vocabulary. Japanese examples include kana and IPA so learners can start using them right away.